——题记：中医认为，疾病的预防比治疗更重要。法律亦然。
【案例一】甲公司诉乙公司、丙公司、张某某房屋拆迁合同纠纷案
一、基本案情
原告甲公司因与被告乙公司、丙公司、张某某发生房屋拆迁合同纠，于2007年12月21日向芙蓉区法院提起诉讼。
芙蓉区法院受理后，本着着重解决纠纷，争取案结事了的原则，于2008年1月10日即组织各方当事人第一次调解。当事人的调解方案差距巨大：甲公司不同意任何补偿；乙公司和丙公司只同意补偿5万，张某某则要求得到补偿103万，至此调解未果。此后法院要求各方拿出书面调解方案：乙公司和丙公司只同意加至8万；张某某则只同意降至98万。双方的差距仍然巨大。
2008年3月12日开庭后，没有当庭宣判。3月21日通知甲公司、乙公司、丙公司的法定代表人到法院调解，争取三家单位共同商定给予张某某房屋的拆迁补偿方案。乙公司和丙公司明确表示只能在8万的基础上在突破一点，不能超过10万。甲公司则表示为了尽快结案，愿意在乙公司和丙公司补偿数额的基础上支持三分之一。
就在3月21日前后，张某某跑至北京上访。此后法院一方面继续做三家单位的调解工作，另一方面要求张某某自己立即返回长沙继续协调。张某某听从芙蓉区法院意见从北京回来后，芙蓉区法院继续做乙公司和丙公司的调解工作。乙公司和丙公司后来表示可以加到20万。张某某对20万的补偿仍然不予接受。芙蓉区法院主管副院长和民事审判庭庭长亲自到乙公司与该公司的法定代表人李某见面，再次做乙公司的调解工作。乙公司和丙公司后来表示同意再加至25万元，这已经是上限。在此情况下，主管副院长通知张某某到法院，亲自做张某某的调解工作，告知乙公司和丙公司的调解方案，建议张某某要事实求实，放弃不切实际的要求。张某某仍然不予接受，并且不表明自己明确的调解让步方案。
鉴于房屋已经一年多未拆除，已经严重影响城市建设进程，芙蓉区法院根据甲公司的申请裁定先予执行拆除张某某占用的房屋。裁定送达后，张某某再次跑至北京上访。此次上访惊动市、区有关领导。区委政法委书记亲自过问本案，亲自找甲公司代表商量协调解决本案纠纷的途径。
此后，芙蓉区法院主管副院长和民事审判庭庭长亲自到张某某的家中，再次做张某某家属的工作，要求其家属通知张某某回长沙继续协调解决本案纠纷。此后又做甲公司的调解工作，要求该公司作出适当让步。
张某某从北京回来后，经芙蓉区法院两位领导最后努力，张某某最终与甲公司、乙公司、丙公司于2008年6月13日达成了调解协议。张某某自愿搬出占用的房屋，房屋交由甲公司拆除，并于协议签订当日履行完毕。至此曾经引发被告张某某在诉讼中两次进京上访的房屋拆迁合同纠纷一案，最终以各方当事人满意的方式调解结案，达到了“案结事了”的目的，法律效果和社会效果得到了统一。
二、工作回顾
本案最终以促成各方当事人达成调解协议的方式结案，“案结事了”。案件审理中，芙蓉区法院及相关部门均付出了艰辛的努力。
此案如果不能调解解决纠纷，后果无疑会是相当严重的：
从张某某的角度看：案件审理中，张某某先后数次上访进京，并且扬言要与房屋共存亡。此案处理稍有不慎，即可能影响张某某对纠纷合法合理解决的信心，可能导致他对社会不满，由此可能导致恶性事件。
从甲公司的角度看：该公司依法征地开发建设的城建项目，已因此纠纷而延误了一年多的工期，再也不能耽误下去了。哪怕耽误一天都是数额不菲的损失。因此，本案纠纷如果不尽快解决，而且是以各方都满意的方式妥善解决，那么甲公司在解决此纠纷中的投入势必会增加，城建项目因此纠纷而不能顺利推进的可能性也会增加。这样的损失扩大，对甲公司不利，对张某某也无益，对整个社会的和谐稳定则更属不利。
因此，本案最终以调解的方式妥善解决，“案结事了”，不仅解决了当事人之间的纠纷，而且促进了辖区城市建设进程，促进了辖区社会稳定，增进了辖区社会和谐。
【案例二】原告张某某与被告刘某某人身损害赔偿纠纷案
一、基本案情：
诉讼当事人重伤住院，急需大笔费用治疗，时间就是康复的希望！芙蓉区院法官急当事人之所急，启动立案审理绿色通道，采取上门立案、快审快结措施，半天时间内达成诉讼双方调解，被告当庭支付赔偿金8万元，余款次日全部给付完毕，使原告获得了宝贵的转院救治的经费和时间。
原告张某某是湖南省汉寿县罐头嘴镇双庆村村民，年仅25岁。今年5月23日，被告刘某某在位于长沙市五一大道某酒店的后院开办一家商务酒楼，雇请案外人李某包工包料承包大楼的外墙粉刷工程，李某组织张某某等人一同进入现场施工作业。25日下午，张某某根据李某的安排在二楼外墙作业时，从窗户上摔落至地面受伤。安全事故发生后，张某某被业主刘某某了立即送入长沙市第八医院住院治疗，长沙市第八人民医院诊断为：颈4、5椎体粉碎型骨折，颈髓损伤合并高位截瘫，颈部以下失去了知觉。原告家属希望转入条件更好的湘雅医院治疗，苦于没有治疗费用。
被告刘某某作为酒店装修工程的业主即发包人，在支付了2.8万元后不再支付医疗费用。原告方认为，刘某某雇请无合法资质的李某包工包料承揽装修工程，应对张某某的受伤负赔偿责任。要求刘某某赔偿张某某医疗费用、误工费、住院伙食补助费、陪护费、伤残赔偿金、精神损害抚慰金等共计14万元。
6月9日下午，张某某的代理人向芙蓉区法院提起诉讼，芙蓉区法院受理后，为弄清诉讼当事人的真实意愿，派立案庭副庭长杨宇光立即带领一名法官和一名书记员赶到长沙市第八医院病房，详细了解了当事人的身体状况，在病房内办好了立案手续。同时，对原告方没有任何诉讼经验的代理人进行了诉讼指导。考虑到被告刘某某也在现场，杨宇光副庭长组织双方进行了立案调解，告知了被告应尽的责任，在得知被告装修工程正处于关键时期，资金相当紧张的情况，杨宇光敦促被告将救治伤者放在第一位，尽快筹措经费，为下一步的调解打下了基础。
6月10日，案件由绿色通道进入速裁程序，芙蓉区法院民一庭速裁法官钟建林迅速组织双方调解。调解在办公室进行，以围坐叙谈，拉家常的形式拉开调解序幕，在轻松的气氛中引导被告履行义务，最终促使被告当庭给付赔偿金8万元，并多方筹措资金于次日全部给付完毕。
二、工作回顾
此案系人身损害赔偿纠纷。原告因装修施工受伤，躺在医院急需医药费。如果原告因医药费不够而影响治疗，原告的人身损害后果无疑会进一步扩大，进而会深度影响原告今后的工作和生活。
从被告一方的角度来看，事故发生后，被告积极主动地将原告送往医院治疗，已经垫付医药费2万余元。从法律的角度看，被告不能不承担赔偿责任，但也不能承担无穷无尽的赔偿责任。被告也应是受法律保护的对象。如果双方的纠纷不能尽快协商解决，那么势必影响被告正常的生产经营，而且有可能诱发新的矛盾和纠纷。
因此，本案中法院采取上门立案，快立快调的方式快速结案，案结事了，诉讼双方的合法权益都得到了有效地保障，纠纷得以彻底化解。这个社会又少了一桩纠纷，多了一份和谐。
（作者单位：长沙市芙蓉区人民法院）
审批个人外汇申请施行细则(附英文)
国家外管局
审批个人外汇申请施行细则(附英文)
1981年12月31日，国家外管局
一、为贯彻执行《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》第十九条的规定，特制定本细则。
二、本细则所称个人，系指居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人（以下简称个人）。
三、允许个人申请外汇的项目，包括：对境外的临时性汇出汇款；出境旅杂费外汇；华侨投资、存款的调出；移居出境者款项的调出等。
四、个人在境外的直系亲属发生特殊情况（如重病、死亡、意外灾难等），经提供本人单位证明和直系亲属所在地的有关证明，申请临时性外汇，可以酌情批给。
五、对经公安部门批准出境，已办妥前往国家有效入境签证的个人（中国人须取得公安部门“出境回执”），可以供给自我国出境口岸到前往目的地按捷径路线所需的旅杂费外汇。
对持单程出境签证护照离境的个人，除批给旅杂费外汇外，其余按下列规定办理：（一）境内机构按规定发给的退休费、退职生活费、离职补助费、抚恤金，经本人工作单位证明，上一级主管部门核准，并经中国银行审核同意，可准予全部汇出。（二）没有退休费、退职生活费、离职补助费和抚恤金的个人，可视具体情况，酌情供汇。
对批准双程出入境签证的个人，申请汇出退休费、退职生活费、离职补助费、抚恤金的，不予供汇。
六、经公安部门批准出境的个人，收到从境外汇入作为出境时旅杂费之用的外汇，在银行付款前声明要求保留原币的，可以保留，准予在出境时汇出或者携出。
七、境外华侨、港澳同胞以外汇投资于国家或者地方华侨投资公司，其所得的到期股金和股息，按照章程规定，以外汇偿付的，由投资公司支付，可准予汇出；以人民币偿付的，不予供汇。
八、境外华侨、港澳同胞以本人名义存在我国境内银行的华侨人民币存款，如申请汇出，可酌情批给外汇。
九、经公安部门批准全家移居出境的个人，离境时委托我国境内银行保管的华侨人民币存款，按照存款章程规定，不准汇出；存款人如因经济困难申请汇出，经提供证明，可酌情批给外汇。
十、上述各项外汇申清，应当向所在地外汇管理分局或者授权的中国银行提出，经审查同意后，准予汇出或者携出。
十一、本细则由国家外汇管理总局发布施行。(附英文)
RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXAMINATION AND APPROVAL OFAPPLICATIONS BY INDIVIDUALS FOR FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXAMINATION AND APPROVAL OF
APPLICATIONS BY INDIVIDUALS FOR FOREIGN EXCHANGE
(Approved by the State Council on December 31, 1981, promulgated
by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control on December 31,
1981)
Article 1
These Rules are formulated in order to implement the provisions of Article
19 of the Interim Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 2
The "individuals" mentioned in these Rules refers to Chinese, foreign
nationals or stateless persons residing in China (hereinafter referred to
as "individuals").
Article 3
The items for which individuals may apply for foreign exchange include:
incidental remittances to be remitted abroad; travelling and miscellaneous
expenses needed when leaving China; the transfer abroad of investment
funds and bank deposits of overseas Chinese; and the transfer abroad of
funds belonging to persons leaving China and emigrating abroad.
Article 4
In special circumstances (such as serious illness, death or unexpected
mishaps) involving an individual's lineal relative abroad, the individual
may apply for foreign exchange for incidental use, by presenting a
certificate issued by his unit and a pertinent certificate issued by the
locality where his relative resides, and the application may be approved
according to the circumstances.
Article 5
An individual who has been given permission to leave China by the public
security organ, and who has obtained a valid entry visa for the country of
destination (in the case of a Chinese individual, an "exit receipt" must
be obtained from the public security organ), may be provided with foreign
exchange for travelling and miscellaneous expenses needed for the trip via
the shortest route from the port of departure from China to his
destination. With respect to an individual who is leaving the country with
a single-journey exit visa on his passport, in addition to being provided
with foreign exchange for travelling and miscellaneous expenses, his other
requirements for foreign exchange shall be dealt with according to the
following provisions:
(1) Any retirement pay, severance pay, subsidies for leave of absence from
work or pensions for the disabled and for survivors that he has received
from organizations within territory in accordance with relevant provisions
may be permitted to be remitted abroad in tote, provided that he has
obtained the certificate of his unit, the verification of the competent
department at next higher level, and the approval of the Bank of China
after examination.
(2) An individual, who does not enjoy any retirement pay, severance pay,
subsidies for leave of absence from work or pensions for the disabled and
for survivors, may be provided with foreign exchange according to the
actual circumstances. Foreign exchange shall not be provided for an
individual who has been granted a double-journey exit-entry visa and who
has applied for permission to remit abroad his retirement pay, severance
pay, subsidies for leave of absence from work or pensions for the disabled
and for survivors.
Article 6
If an individual who has been granted permission to leave China by the
public security organ has received foreign exchange remitted from abroad
for use as his travelling and miscellaneous expenses when he leaves China
and has made a request to retain the original currency before the bank
effects payment to him, he may retain the money in the original currency
and is permitted to remit or carry it abroad at the time he leaves China.
Article 7
When oveaseas Chinese residing abroad and Hong Kong and Macao compatriots
have invested foreign exchange in national or local overseas Chinese
investment corporations, they may be permitted to remit abroad the share
capital that falls due and dividends that they receive in foreign
exchange, if, according to the corporations' articles of association,
these are to be paid by the investment corporations as such; foreign
exchange shall not be provided if the payments are to be made in Renminbi.
Article 8
When overseas Chinese residing abroad or Hong Kong and Macao compatriots
apply for remitting abroad the money that they have deposited in their own
names in an Overseas Chinese Renminbi Savings Account in banks within
China, they may be provided with foreign exchange upon approval according
to the circumstances.
Article 9
When an individual's entire family have been given permission by the
public security organ to emigrate abroad, he shall not be permitted, in
accordance with the deposit regulations, to remit abroad the money in his
Overseas Chinese Renminbi Savings Account, which he entrusts to a bank in
China for safekeeping at the time he leaves the country; if, compelled by
economic difficulties, the depositor applies for permission to remit his
deposits abroad, he may, on the evidence he submits, be provided with
foreign exchange upon approval according to the circumstances.
Article 10
All types of applications for foreign exchange mentioned above shall be
filed with the local branch office of the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange Control or with the Bank of China authorized to handle such
matters; after examination and approval, such foreign exchange may be
remitted or carried abroad.
Article 11
These Rules shall be promulgated and put into effect by the State
Administration of Foreign Exchange Control.
